Climate change poses significant challenges to global agriculture, impacting food security, livelihoods, and ecosystems. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and shifting pest and disease dynamics are among the key factors affecting agricultural productivity. Heat stress, drought, flooding, and salinization threaten crop yields, particularly in vulnerable regions with limited adaptive capacity. Smallholder farmers, already marginalized, face disproportionate risks, exacerbating poverty and inequality. Climate-resilient agricultural practices, including drought-tolerant crop varieties, agroforestry, water management techniques, and conservation agriculture, offer potential solutions. However, effective adaptation requires coordinated efforts across sectors, investments in research and development, policy support, and international cooperation to build resilience and ensure sustainable food systems in a changing climate.